Why the close drags
A slow close is almost never about effort — it's about waiting. Waiting on a bank statement, a missing receipt, an unreconciled account, an approval. Speed comes from removing the waiting, not from working harder in the final 48 hours.
The close checklist
- Reconcile every bank and credit-card account. No close is real until cash ties to the statement to the penny.
- Reconcile AR and AP subledgers to the general ledger control accounts.
- Record accruals. Expenses incurred but not yet billed, and revenue earned but not yet invoiced.
- Record prepaids and depreciation. Amortize prepaid expenses and run the fixed-asset depreciation schedule.
- Review the P&L for anomalies. Compare to budget and prior month; investigate any line that moved more than your materiality threshold.
- Lock the period. Once reviewed, close the period so no one back-dates an entry.
Close a little every day
The biggest lever is continuous reconciliation. If you reconcile cash weekly and code transactions daily, month-end is a review, not a reconstruction. Teams that "save it all for the close" guarantee a slow close.
Standardize and document
- A written close calendar with owners and due dates for each task.
- Reusable journal-entry templates for recurring accruals.
- A binder of supporting schedules (depreciation, prepaids, accruals) updated each month.
Measure your close
Track "days to close" every month. A five-day close is excellent for an SMB; ten is normal; fifteen-plus means the process, not the people, needs fixing. Shaving days off the close gets decision-makers real numbers while they're still useful.